RV-09 · Research vertical

Secondary Recovery and Circular Minerals

Recycling, reprocessing and the limits of substitution for primary supply.

Every tonne recovered from scrap, tailings or urban stock is a tonne not mined. This vertical examines how far recycling, reprocessing and urban mining can substitute for primary extraction, the economics and policy instruments that unlock secondary supply, and the governance of material flows across borders.

The research question

How far can secondary recovery substitute for primary extraction, and which policy instruments unlock it?

Current themes

RV-09.1
Recycling economics and recovery rates across mineral systems
RV-09.2
Tailings and waste reprocessing as a secondary resource
RV-09.3
Urban mining and end-of-life product recovery
RV-09.4
Extended producer responsibility and design-for-recovery policy
RV-09.5
Transboundary material flows and circularity accounting